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No. 9
Little Development Devices / Humanitarian Goods
Published November, 2017
Little Development Devices / Humanitarian Goods 2

This issue of Limn examines the recent profusion of micro-technologies in the worlds of humanitarianism and development, some focused on fostering forms of social improvement, others claiming to alleviate suffering, and many seeking to accomplish both. From water meters, micro-insurance and cash transfers, to solar lanterns, water filtration systems, and sanitation devices, examples proliferate across the early 21st century landscapes of international aid. Although small-scale endeavors are far from novel, today these devices are animated by different intellectual and moral energy, drawing on novel financial and organizational resources. Many blur distinctions between public and private interests, along with divisions between obligations, gifts and commodities. At the same time, they entail novel configurations of expertise, political obligation and forms of care. The articles in this issue explore these new convergences of developmental and humanitarian projects, alongside reworked relationships between experts, governments, and purported beneficiaries, focused on fostering “participation” and “partnerships” rather than nation-building.

Published November 2017

In This Issue

Preface: Little Development Devices / Humanitarian Goods
A brief introduction to the idea behind Issue Number Nine, and the concepts associated with it.
Stephen J. Collier
Jamie Cross
Peter Redfield
Alice Street
On Band-Aids and Magic Bullets
Peter Redfield probes the merits of small solutions to big problems.
Peter Redfield
Demanding Mobile Health
What are the infrastructural requirements of mobile health? Vincent Duclos reports on the MOS@N experiment in Burkina Faso.
Vincent Duclos
EXCREMENTA I: Welcome to Excrementa
Brenda Chalfin and Xhulio Binjaku imagine designs for the future with Dwelling-Based Public Toilets in Urban Ghana.
Brenda Chalfin
Xhulio Binjaku
EXCREMENTA II: The Legitimizing Model
Xhulio Binjaku  explores the role of the model in upholding regimes of power, expertise, and commerce and explains the inspiration for Excrementa Estates.
Xhulio Binjaku
EXCREMENTA III: The Leader in Upscale Sanitary Solutions?
Brenda Chalfin reflects on the use of design as a little development device.
Brenda Chalfin
Solar Basics
Jamie Cross explores how a solar-powered lamp became the go-to solution to Puerto Rico’s energy crisis.
Jamie Cross
Deep Diagnostics
Alice Street examines the market infrastructure behind off-grid diagnostics.
Alice Street
Microfinance as a Credit Card?
Jonathan Morduch traces the rise of microfinance, and argues that it's time for a new vision.
Jonathan Morduch
Humility and Hubris in Hydropower
Austin Lord considers the unstable politics of micro-hydropower development in the wake of Nepal’s 2015 earthquake.
Austin Lord
A Slightly Better Shelter?          
Tom Scott-Smith gets inside an award-winning shelter designed for refugees and asks: what makes it any better than a tent?
Tom Scott-Smith
Glucometer Foils
Amy Moran-Thomas examines why diabetes patients worldwide still struggle to measure glucose.
Amy Moran-Thomas
The Humble Cookstove
Meena Khandelwal and Kayley Lain reflect on half a century of failed efforts to change how people cook in rural India, before adding a little device of their own to the fire.
Meena Khandelwal
Kayley Lain
“Water is life, but sanitation is dignity”
Tatiana Thieme explores how doing your business has become an opportunity for business in Nairobi.
Tatiana Thieme
Rational Sin
David Reubi explores how Chicago Economics remade Global Public Health.
David Reubi
Customer Care
Robert Foster explores how mobile phones in Papua New Guinea offer new ways for both companies and consumers to give and receive care.
Robert J. Foster
The Participatory Development Toolkit
Christopher Kelty opens up a toolkit from the 1990s to explore the prehistory of apps, platforms, and algorithms.
Christopher M. Kelty
Iterate, Experiment, Prototype
Anke Schwittay and Paul Braund explore the curious intersection between international aid and design.
Anke Schwittay
Paul Braund
Governing Development Failure
How did little development devices make their way into big development institutions? Jacqueline Best explores the history of policy failure at the World Bank.
Jacqueline Best